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Escape on 24 June 1942

ESCAPES FROM AUSCHWITZ

ESCAPES FROM AUSCHWITZ

Escape on 24 June 1942

Escape of polish female prisoner Janina Nowak on 24 June 1942 

illustration

Source: A-BSMA

Janina Nowak, photograph taken during registration in the camp.

Janina Nowak was born on 19 August 1917 in Będów near Łódź. She was brought to Auschwitz on 12 June 1942; during registration she received the prisoner number 7615. 


On 24 June 1942 Janina Nowak escaped from the Kommando consisting of 200 Polish women working near the Soła river drying hay. After she was reported missing, the SS men started the pursuit, which was, however, unsuccessful. Other female prisoners from the Kommando were led back to the camp. Late in the evening they had their hair cut up.Until then, as non-Jewish prisoners, they did not have to have their heads shaved. On the next day the entire Kommando was transformed into a penal company and sent to the SS farm called Budy, at the distance of about 6 km from the main camp. They were accommodated in a former school building and a wooden barracks with a small kitchen and latrines surrounded by barbed wire fencing. .. The women had to work in extremely harsh conditions cleaning nearby ponds, cutting bulrush and digging drainage ditches. After a few days the camp authorities sent another 200 female prisoners to the penal company—Slovakian and French Jews together with several German women to work as Kapos


Janina Nowak managed to reach Łódź, but in March 1943 she was captured and after two months later brought to Auschwitz again. Then she was brought to KL Ravensbrück; she was liberated.

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Telegram sent from Auschwitz on 12 March 1943 informing about the capturing of the escapee Janina Nowak.

Source: A-BSMA

Testimony of Monika Galica: 

… One day, unfortunately I don’t remember the exact date, an inmate escaped. She escaped during the day, from work. At the time we were working near the Soła river flowing in the vicinity of the camp. We were raking something, some prisoners were cutting wicker. It all happened, if I remember well, in June 1942. After we returned to the camp, when the pursuit of the escapee proved unsuccessful, late in the evening female prisoners had their hair cut. It was probably because of the escape. I don’t remember her name. The next day, the entire group of Polish female prisoners was transferred to the village of Budy. I was also in this group. It was our group that starded the women’s penal company. 

Source: Monika Galica, A-BSMA, Testimonies Fonds, vol. 67, p. 153.

Testimony of Marta Witas-Bielecka: 

After one hard day in mid-June—we were counted in the field—the number was not correct—one escaped—the news was like a whistle of sinister wind before the storm blowing through our rows. It was not, however, something new for us—poor inmates had already hidden a few times, thinking about the escape, but unfortunately, they paid the price of their lives for only a thought, and here the guards were searching—camp police had already arrived, they turned the hay over, where the women were working on that day—not a single trace. We came back to the camp late. In the men’s camp, they were decimating for the escape—what was going to happen to us? The question troubled 200 people. Finally, the sentence was reached—shaving off the head. Inmates accepted it quite calmly—better hair than head. But it was not the end—the entire Kommando was transferred as a form of punishment to the village of Budy for hard work. … The escapee’s name was Julia [Janina] Nowak; she was from Łódź and was not a political prisoner, after nine months she came back, she was brought to Auschwitz again. 

Source: Marta Witas-Bielecka, A-BSMA, Memoirs Fonds, vol. 1, p. 99. 

illustration

Source: A-BSM Collections

Painting by former female prisoner Janina Tollik entitled Penal Company at Work, 1946.